Precedent-Setting Groundwater Settlement Reached Following Gallego’s Push for Stronger Water Management

ARIZONA – Arizona has reached a historic settlement with Riverview, LLP that will reduce the company’s groundwater use and deliver $11 million to impacted residents for well-drilling, water-hauling and groundwater access.

The agreement follows sustained pressure from then-Representative Ruben Gallego, who previously called on Riverview to improve its water resource management and take responsibility for its impact on Arizona’s groundwater.

“Thanks to Attorney General Kris Mayes’ swift action after hearing community members’ concerns about the Douglas and Willcox groundwater basins, Arizona is taking an important step to conserve our state’s precious groundwater resources,” said Senator Gallego.

Riverview, a Minnesota-based company, operates a 51,000-acre dairy near Willcox, Arizona. Under the settlement, the company agreed to implement new water conservation practices, fallow or transition 2,000 acres of irrigated farmland, and establish two $5.5 million funds to help ensure continued access to clean, reliable water for residents.

“Arizona’s groundwater is not unlimited, and it can’t be treated like a blank check,” said Senator Gallego. “When I was in the House, I raised serious concerns with Riverview about its water management practices and pushed the company to come to the table. This settlement sets an important precedent for Arizona: if you use our state’s water, you have a responsibility to protect it. Conserving our groundwater requires real accountability and collaboration with farmers, local communities like Willcox, and water experts. This outcome proves we can safeguard Arizona’s water future while continuing to support a strong economy.”

Representing a basin state, Senator Gallego understands the urgency of preserving Arizona’s groundwater as levels continue to decline and communities face growing challenges. In the House, he introduced legislation to protect Arizona’s water resources, including the Domestic Water Protection Act, which would levy taxes on foreign governments growing water-intensive crops in drought-stricken areas, and the Drought-Related Overpricing Prevention Act, which directs the Federal Trade Commission to prevent outside investors from exploiting drought conditions through water rights sales. In the Senate, Gallego pushed Trumps’ nominees to protect Arizona’s water rights, by highlighting the urgent need for drought relief in the Colorado River Basin.

1/8/26


Gillibrand Demands Trump Administration Reverse Decision To Rip Away Child Care Funding For New York

U.S. Senator Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) held a virtual press conference to demand that the Trump administration unfreeze the grants that provide child care assistance to tens of thousands of families in New York.

“Investing in child care is investing in our future. The Trump administration’s decision to freeze child care grants is a brazen political attack that will hurt New York families, children, and child care providers who are already struggling to get by,” said Senator Gillibrand. “Because of this action, child care providers will almost certainly be forced to close their doors, families will be stripped of the assistance they rely on, and children will suffer. I will continue to work with our state and local partners to hold the administration’s feet to the fire until they reverse this immoral, heartless decision.”

On Tuesday, the Trump administration froze $10 billion in funding for child care subsidies, social services, and cash support for low-income families in five Democrat-controlled states–including New York. The administration is claiming widespread fraud throughout these states, but it has not provided any evidence of this in New York.

The funding cuts come from three funding streams: the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program, which provides cash assistance to households with children; the Child Care and Development Fund, which supports child care for working parents; and social services grants that benefit at-risk children. In total, New York receives over 3 billion dollars between these funding streams, helping provide care to hundreds of thousands of New York children.

Senator Gillibrand discussed the importance of child care assistance for working parents, especially at a time when child care costs are rising faster than inflation in most states. According to the Department of Labor’s National Database of Childcare Prices, American families spent between 8.9 and 16 percent of their median income on full-day care for one child in 2022. In New York, the average cost of child care is between $15,500 and $20,500 per year, depending on the age of the child and type of child care center.

Additionally, child care has been shown to improve outcomes for children, workers, and the economy. It gives children vital early learning and socialization, increases labor force participation, and reduces worker absenteeism.

Gillibrand demanded an immediate reversal of the administration’s funding freeze.

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Gillibrand Statement On War Powers Resolution Advancing In The Senate

Today, U.S. Senator Kirsten Gillibrand, member of the Senate Armed Services Committee, made the following statement on the Senate’s bipartisan vote to advance legislation that would require congressional authorization for military force against Venezuela:

“President Trump is trying to commit the United States to another protracted foreign regime change war that he has said could last years. At a time when working Americans are struggling to pay their bills, President Trump wants to spend New Yorkers’ tax dollars in Venezuela, while he cuts health care, child care, and essential services to our state.

“The Constitution makes it clear that presidents do not have the unilateral authority to send our service members into harm’s way without explicit congressional authorization. Today’s bipartisan vote sends a clear message to President Trump that he has overstepped his authority, and I urge my colleagues to vote for this resolution’s final passage. The United States Constitution is not optional, and we must reassert Congress’ duty to prevent unjustifiable wars.”

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Schumer, Gillibrand Announce $10 Million In Federal Funding For Genesee County To Upgrade Drinking Water Infrastructure

Schumer And Gillibrand Say This Funding Will Build a New Expanded Water Storage Tank In Batavia To Replace Old & Undersized Tank, Increasing Safe Drinking Water Capacity Throughout Genesee County Which Is Impacted By Severe Drought

Schumer Secured Funding Authorization Three Years Ago And Together With Gillibrand Has Pushed To Clear Final Hurdle To Secure $$ For Genesee County

Schumer, Gillibrand: Fed $$ Is Secured For Clean Water Across Genesee County

U.S. Senator Chuck Schumer and U.S. Senator Kirsten Gillibrand today announced they have secured $10,000,000 in federal funding in the pending fiscal year (FY) 2026 spending bill currently being voted on in the House of Representatives and expected to come to a vote in the Senate later this month for Genesee County to build a new larger water storage tank in Batavia and increase badly needed drinking water capacity for residents, farms, and businesses throughout Genesee County.

In 2024, the United States Department of Agriculture declared Genesee County a drought disaster area, as numerous towns across Genesee County have had to endure low groundwater conditions in their wells alongside challenging water quality conditions. Over the last four years, emergency water restrictions have been placed on residents and businesses in an attempt to close the supply and demand gap. The senators explained that the federal funding they secured will enable Genesee County to help alleviate these water supply issues for residents by replacing its aged and deteriorating current 1.5-million-gallon elevated storage tank with a new and expanded 2.5-million-gallon tank.

“For decades, Genesee County has faced real concerns about whether its aging water infrastructure could meet the needs of residents, farms, and businesses while protecting public health and local jobs,” said Senator Schumer. “After years of working with the county, I’m proud to announce that I have secured $10 million so Genesee County can upgrade its drinking water system. This critical investment will support the design and construction of a new water storage tank in Batavia, helping deliver clean, reliable drinking water flow to tens of thousands of New Yorkers. Access to safe water and modernized waterinfrastructure systems is fundamental, which is why I fought to authorize this funding three years ago and ensure its inclusion in this year’s budget bill. I will always fight to keep New York’s drinking water clean and our communities safe and healthy.”

“I’m proud to have secured $10 million in federal funding to upgrade water infrastructure in Genesee County,” said Senator Gillibrand, member of the Senate Appropriations Committee. “All New Yorkers deserve access to safe, reliable, and clean drinking water, but for far too long, Genesee County’s aging water infrastructure has struggled to meet the needs of residents, farms, and businesses. This funding will go directly toward building a new, expanded water storage tank in Batavia, increasing capacity and helping ensure communities across the county have the dependable water supply they need now and in the future.”

Marianne Clattenburg Genesee County Legislature Vice Chair said, “This $10 million investment is a meaningful step forward for Genesee County’s water infrastructure and long-term needs. We appreciate Senator Schumer and Gillibrand’s continued involvement, along with our federal partners, in advancing this Section 219 project toward construction. This funding reflects the importance of steady collaboration to deliver infrastructure improvements that support our communities and local economy.”

Genesee County’s Water Storage Tank project will upgrade the entire county-wide water infrastructure system. The county will use this federal funding to design and construct a new water storage tank in Batavia, which assists in supplying approximately 40 percent of Genesee County’s drinking water. The new tank will be upsized to reduce stress on the county’s water infrastructure during periods of high usage and to safeguard residents and industries from drought conditions, water main breaks, and fire flow events.

Genesee County has long been dealing with a persistent drought situation and the need to increase safe drinking water capacity throughout the county, and the existing tank suffers from a deteriorating paint system and numerous structural concerns. Genesee County has business, agriculture, retail, and healthcare jobs that all depend on having a reliable, clean water source and will benefit from this new and improved water storage tank.

Schumer and Gillibrand helped secure authorization for this federal funding three years ago in the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 which they led to passage in the Senate. With the funding authorization in hand, Schumer and Gillibrand pushed for this funding to be included in the final Fiscal Year (FY) 2026 Energy and Water Development Appropriations bill currently being voted on in the House of Representatives and expected to come to a vote in the Senate later this month. The federal funding, if enacted into law, will be delivered through the Army Corps of Engineers.

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Schumer, Gillibrand Announce $4.5+ Million In Federal Funding For Local Capital Region Projects

Senators Say Pending Legislation Contains Funding That Will Support Water Infrastructure Improvements & Semiconductor Research At University At Albany

Schumer, Gillibrand: Fed $$ Secured For Communities Across The Capital Region!

Today, U.S. Senator Chuck Schumer and U.S. Senator Kirsten Gillibrand announced that they secured $4,521,000 in federal funding for critical Capital Region projects in the pending fiscal year (FY) 2026 spending bill currently being voted on in the House of Representatives and expected to come to a vote in the Senate later this month. The senators personally secured funding for these projects as congressionally directed spending.

“These projects will boost communities throughout the Capital Region, from supporting cutting-edge semiconductor research and workforce development at two of our world class universities to making critical improvements in water and sewer systems,” said Senator Schumer. “I am proud to have secured over $4.5 million in federal investment that will help lay the foundation for a more resilient future in the Capital Region.”

“I’m proud to have secured these federal dollars that will drive real growth across the Capital Region by creating jobs and delivering the services New Yorkers rely on,” said Senator Gillibrand, member of the Senate Appropriations Committee. “From advancing the critical research at RPI to ensuring communities have access to modern, reliable water systems, this funding will support projects that help communities across the region grow and thrive. I’ll keep working to bring home resources that strengthen our communities and make a real difference for working families.”

The federal funding comes from the FY 2026 spending bill that is expected to pass in the House of Representatives later today and sent over to the Senate and includes the Commerce, Justice, and Science spending bill, the Energy and Water Development spending bill, and the Interior spending bill.

A full list of funded projects is below:

$1,521,000 for University at Albany for CNSE 200mm Wafer Cleanroom Equipment Upgrade

The project will upgrade equipment for the College of Nanotechnology, Science and Engineering to reestablish the College of Nanotechnology, Science, and Engineering (CNSE)’s cleanrooms as state-of-the-art, industry compliant, desirable by NY companies, strengthen education programs, workforce development and community outreach expansion. The lab could achieve optimal performance with upgrades.

$1,000,000 for Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute for Biomanufacturing Equipment to Advance Innovation & Workforce Development in New York State

The project will establish an inter-institutional facility within RPI’s Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, enabling research, development, workforce training, & STEM education in biomanufacturing, bolstering our region & state economically.

$1,000,000 for Town of Richmondville for Richmondville Sewer District #1

The project will lower the amount of debt service that the residents and businesses of the hamlet of Warnerville and those residents and businesses west of Warnerville to the Village of Richmondville would have to shoulder.

$1,000,000 for City of Glens Falls for City of Glens Falls – Wastewater Treatment Plant Electrical System Upgrades

This project will upgrade failing, antiquated, and obsolete electrical systems, provide a new source of emergency backup power, improve reliability and energy efficiency at the City’s wastewater treatment plant, a regional facility providing resource recovery for 22,000 people and businesses.

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Schumer, Gillibrand Announces $5 Million In Federal Funding For Local North Country Project

Senators Say Pending Legislation Includes Funding For Preserving Fort Ticonderoga, Boosting Trudeau Institute’s Research And Improving Water Infrastructure

Schumer, Gillibrand: Fed $$ Secured For North Country Communities!

Today, U.S. Senator Chuck Schumer and U.S. Senator Kirsten Gillibrand announced that they secured $5,000,000 in federal funding for critical North Country projects in the pending fiscal year (FY) 2026 spending bill currently being voted on in the House of Representatives and expected to come to a vote in the Senate later this month. The senators personally secured funding for these projects as congressionally directed spending.

“From helping to restore the iconic Fort Ticonderoga, in America’s 250th birthday, to supporting research at the Trudeau Institute to upgrading water infrastructure, I am proud to announce $5 million in federal funding to support projects throughout the North Country,” said Senator Schumer. “These major federal investments will help preserve the North Country’s rich history and support cutting-edge scientific research. I will always fight to deliver more federal resources to help the North Country thrive.”

“I’m proud to have secured these federal dollars that will drive real growth across the North Country by creating jobs and delivering the services New Yorkers rely on,” said Senator Gillibrand, member of the Senate Appropriations Committee. “From advancing the critical research at Trudeau Institute to ensuring communities have access to modern, reliable water systems, this funding will support projects that help communities across the region grow and thrive. I’ll keep working to bring home resources that strengthen our communities and make a real difference for working families.”

The federal funding comes from the FY 2026 spending bill that is expected to pass in the House of Representatives later today and sent over to the Senate and includes the Commerce, Justice, and Science spending bill, the Energy and Water Development spending bill, and the Interior spending bill.

A full list of funded projects is below:

$2,500,000 for Trudeau Institute Inc. for Modernization of Instrumentation and Analytical Capabilities

The project will modernize instrumentation to improve disease research, strengthen U.S. biodefense, and support biotechnology innovation at Trudeau Institute while equipping individuals with the skills and training needed to meet the job demands of advanced instrumentation.

$2,000,000 for Village of Port Leyden for the Water System Improvements Project

The project includes replacement of deteriorated water mains, fire hydrants, water meters, and master meters, as well as upgrades to the water treatment building and storage tank.

$500,000 for The Fort Ticonderoga Association for Stabilization and Restoration of Fort Ticonderoga’s Barracks

The project will support the stabilization and restoration of the iconic Fort Ticonderoga, as we celebrate America’s 250th birthday.

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Schumer, Gillibrand, Morelle Announce Nearly $7 Million In Federal Funding For Local Rochester-Finger Lakes Projects

Lawmakers Say Pending Legislation Includes Critical Fed Funding For University of Rochester’s Cutting-Edge Quantum Research & Water Infrastructure Improvements Throughout Rochester-Finger Lakes Region

Schumer, Gillibrand, Morelle: Fed $$ Is Secured For Rochester-Finger Lakes Communities!

Today, U.S. Senator Chuck Schumer, U.S. Senator Kirsten Gillibrand, and U.S. Congressman Joe Morelle announced that they secured $6,934,000 in federal funding for critical local projects across the Rochester-Finger Lakes region in the pending fiscal year (FY) 2026 spending bill currently being voted on in the House of Representatives and expected to come to a vote in the Senate later this month. The lawmakers personally secured funding for these projects as congressionally directed spending.

“These projects stretch to every corner of the Rochester-Finger Lakes region, from boosting the University of Rochester’s cutting-edge quantum research to ensuring Rochester-Finger Lakes residents have access to clean drinking water and new and improved sewer infrastructure. With this funding, we’re breathing new life into the region, all while creating good-paying jobs,” said Senator Schumer. “This major federal investment will provide families and businesses they need with the upgraded infrastructure they need to help the region thrive. I am proud to have secured nearly $7 million in federal investment that will help lay the foundation for a more resilient future in the Rochester-Finger Lakes region.”

“I’m proud to have secured these federal dollars that will drive real growth across the Finger Lakes by creating jobs and delivering the services New Yorkers rely on,” said Senator Gillibrand, member of the Senate Appropriations Committee. “From advancing critical research at the Rochester Institute of Technology and the University of Rochester to ensuring communities have access to modern, reliable water systems, this funding will support projects that help communities across the region grow and thrive. I’ll keep working to bring home resources that strengthen our communities and make a real difference for working families.”

“This is exactly how the federal government is supposed to function, by providing direct support to companies, organizations, and local communities to help create jobs, keep our streets safe, and give every family the opportunity to thrive,” said Congressman Joe Morelle. “As Vice Ranking Member of the House Appropriations Committee, I am proud to help secure this critical funding for Rochester. I’m grateful to Senator Schumer and Senator Gillibrand for their continued support of our region, and I look forward to our continued work together to help uplift families in our community.”

The federal funding comes from the FY 2026 spending bill that is expected to pass in the House of Representatives later today and sent over to the Senate and includes the Commerce, Justice, and Science spending bill, the Energy and Water Development spending bill, and the Interior spending bill.

A full list of funded projects is below:

$2,000,000 for Rochester Institute of Technology & University of Rochester for Rochester Quantum Network (RoQNET)

The project will enable the purchase and installation of equipment to help develop an Upstate quantum network that benefits national security, economic development and technological innovation by enabling the Rochester region to connect into similar quantum communications networks now under development across New York. This will position NYS to be a domestic and international leader in quantum communication and networking. RoQNET will stimulate quantum workforce development for K-12 and college-age students and offer learning opportunities for students enrolled in the Monroe Community College Optical Technology program.

$1,092,000 for Monroe County Water Authority (MCWA) for Monroe County Water Authority (MCWA) Cybersecurity improvements

The project will support a system-wide upgrade of cybersecurity equipment (hardware) and software for Monroe County Water Authority (MCWA). This system-wide approach will benefit all the MCWA rate payers by preventing a ‘worst case scenario’ and the economic after-effects of a disruption in service.

$1,092,000 for Monroe County, NY for Northwest Quadrant Water Resource Recovery Facility Upgrades

The project will allow for more efficient removal of larger objects including foreign objects, branches, and other large obstructions at the beginning of the wastewater treatment process. This project will be a key part of the County’s focus to improve its wastewater treatment plants’ efficiency by reducing energy usages and lowering their impact on the power grid. Improvement to preliminary treatment methods is needed to more efficiently remove larger objects from the waste water collection.

$1,000,000 for Town of Phelps for Town of Phelps Joint Sanitary Sewer Distribution System Project with the Town of Geneva along NYS Route 14

The project will construct a low-pressure sanitary sewer distribution system along the 4.3-mile stretch of NYS Route 14 in the Towns of Geneva and Phelps. Currently, all residences and businesses in the project area are served by individual septic systems, many of which are aged and in disrepair and are likely leaching dangerous bacterial contaminants like coliform and E. coli into residents drinking water, as revealed by recent testing. This project will help protect public health and the environment by eliminating septic systems and reduce costs to taxpayers in the long run. The project will also reduce the amount of contaminants being leaked into shared local waterbodies including Seneca Lake and its tributaries that can contribute to toxic algae growth. Additionally, the development of this sewer infrastructure will help attract new economic development and commercial activity along the Rt 14 corridor which has been limited by this lack of sewer infrastructure.

$1,000,000 for the Village of Geneseo to Upgrade Water Infrastructure

The project will reconstruct Second Street and Oak Street to replace 1,850 linear feet of undersized, deteriorated water lines and 5,640 linear feet of aging sanitary and storm sewer lines in a residential downtown neighborhood.

$750,000 for Village of Waterloo for Village & Town of Waterloo WWTP & Collection System Improvements Joint Project

This is a joint project between the Village and Town of Waterloo which proposes making improvements to the sewage collection system in the Village and Town and to make improvements to the Village’s wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). This will benefit residents of the Village and the Town by improving its ability to treat water, increasing water quality in the entire area, which is especially vital as the region’s canal is a center of business, recreation, and tourism. Improvements will also increase the WWTP’s treatment capacity, ensuring it can support future development and increased population.

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Schumer, Gillibrand Secure $2.2+ Million In Federal Funding For Southern Tier Water Infrastructure Projects

Pending Legislation Includes Critical Fed Funding For Southern Tier To Increase Access To Clean Drinking Water And Make Sewer Infrastructure Safer

Schumer, Gillibrand: Fed $$ Is Secured For Southern Tier For Improved Water Systems!

U.S. Senator Chuck Schumer and U.S. Senator Kirsten Gillibrand today announced they have secured $2,250,000 in federal funding for critical Southern Tier water infrastructure projects in the pending Fiscal Year (FY) 2026 Interior spending bill currently being voted on in the House of Representatives and expected to come to a vote in the Senate later this month. The senators personally secured funding for these projects through congressionally directed spending.

“These water infrastructure projects will support communities across the Southern Tier, expanding access to water lines for rural homes and small businesses in Allegany and Schuyler Counties. Access to clean drinking water and safe modern sewer infrastructure is fundamental to helping our communities grow,” said Senator Schumer. “I am proud to have secured more than $2.2 million in federal funding in this bill so communities across the Southern Tier can upgrade their water infrastructure systems. I will always fight to keep New York’s drinking water clean and our communities safe and healthy.”

“I am thrilled to have secured more than $2.2 million in federal funding to upgrade water infrastructure in the Southern Tier,” said Senator Gillibrand, member of the Senate Appropriations Committee. “The funded projects will improve access to clean drinking water and help connect more land to municipal water and sewer systems, incentivizing further investment in the region. I am proud to bring these funds back home to New York, and I will continue working to ensure that people across the state have access to safe and clean water.”

A full list of funded projects is below:

$1,250,000 for Allegany County for Water Infrastructure

The project will install a water tan and water line extension which will provide potable water to arsenic contaminated communities while preparing water infrastructure to support the Gateway Center.

$1,000,000 for Town of Dix for Water and Sewer Extension

The project will connect more than 350 acres to municipal water and sewer for the development of housing and expansion of businesses, lowering taxes over time while supporting New York State by providing incentives for developers to build more housing in Schuyler County.

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Grassley Welcomes Announcement of Assistant Attorney General for Fraud

WASHINGTON – Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Chuck Grassley (R-Iowa) today issued a statement regarding the Trump administration’s announcement of a new Assistant Attorney General position focused on uprooting waste, fraud and abuse:

“As we’ve seen in Minnesota, government fraudsters are active, and their dishonest deeds are hurting hardworking Americans. This is welcome and timely news from the Department of Justice. I applaud the Trump administration’s ongoing work to address waste, fraud and abuse, and ensure those who steal from American taxpayers are held accountable. Once President Trump selects his candidate for this important position, I look forward to leading the nominee’s confirmation process in the Senate Judiciary Committee.”

Background:

For over four decades, Grassley has led the charge in the Senate to root out waste, fraud and abuse. 2026 marks the 40th anniversary of Grassley’s 1986 updates to the False Claims Act. To date, this landmark legislation has allowed the federal government to recover over $78 billion in taxpayer dollars that would have otherwise been lost to fraud, and saved countless more by deterring would-be fraudsters. Grassley also led successful efforts to enact the Administrative False Claims Act in 2024.


Senators Hassan & Young Introduce Bipartisan Bill to Strengthen the Child Tax Credit and Provide a Tax Cut for 3.5 Million Working Families

WASHINGTON – U.S. Senators Maggie Hassan (D-NH) and Todd Young (R-IN) introduced the bipartisan Stronger Start for Working Families Act, which would provide a tax cut to 3.5 million working families with children by allowing them to begin receiving the Child Tax Credit (CTC) starting with the first dollar they earn.

“Families across New Hampshire and the country are working hard to provide for their children, but too many are struggling with rising costs for essentials like groceries, child care, and utilities,” said Senator Hassan. “The Child Tax Credit supports parents in raising the next generation, but right now, many hard-working families are not able to access the full tax cut because they don’t get paid enough at work. I urge my colleagues on both sides of the aisle to support this commonsense bill that will help working families make ends meet and build a stronger future for their kids.”

“The Child Tax Credit is one of our most effective tools for helping working families make ends meet and ensuring children have the stability they need to thrive. By starting refundability at the very first dollar earned, our bill will expand access to the Child Tax Credit for low-income parents while strengthening the incentive to enter or remain in the workforce,” said Senator Young. “This is a practical, bipartisan step we can take to support families, reward work, and help more Americans climb the economic ladder.”

Under current law, millions of working families do not receive the full value of the Child Tax Credit because their income isn’t high enough to maximize the refundable portion of the credit. The Stronger Start for Working Families Act would cut taxes for these families by allowing them to begin earning refundable CTC benefits beginning with the first dollar of income that they earn, rather than only for income over $2,500. According to the Tax Policy Center, this change would provide a tax cut to nearly 3.5 million families with kids in 2026.

The bill is supported by the following organizations: America Forward, American Compass, BPC Action, Bread for the World, Local Initiatives Support Corporation, Niskanen Center, R Street Institute, RESULTS, Third Way, Indiana Community Action Poverty Institute, Prosperity Indiana, and United Way of Central Indiana.

“We applaud Senators Hassan and Young for this important legislation that expands the accessibility of the Child Tax Credit. America Forward Coalition organizations implement innovative, evidence-based economic mobility strategies nationwide. While the Child Tax Credit is a powerful tool to support families' financial security and economic mobility, Coalition members know the CTC’s earned income threshold excludes many families who could benefit. This critical bill will make a meaningful difference in the lives of families across the country,” said Deborah Smolover, Executive Director, America Forward.

“Middle class security is out of reach for far too many American families. Senators Hassan and Young understand that putting the American dream within reach will require both getting more support to working families, and making sure their work is rewarded. The pro-family, pro-work Stronger Start for Working Families Act advances both principles, by making sure the Child Tax Credit benefits families starting with the first dollar they earn.” – Chris Griswold, Policy Director, American Compass

“BPC Action applauds Sens. Hassan and Young for leading the Stronger Start for Working Families Act, which allows families with the most need to access a larger Child Tax Credit sooner while maintaining a strong incentive for parents to work,” says Michele Stockwell, President of BPC Action. “This bill signals a pragmatic, pro-family reform that will improve economic security and well-being for millions.”

“Years of inflation have eroded the purchasing power of struggling working-class families. Senators Hassan and Young’s Stronger Start for Working Families Act would tap into the Child Tax Credit’s long history of bipartisan support to supplement working families’ earnings with a much-needed boost at tax time.” – Josh McCabe, Director of Social Policy, Niskanen Center

“The R Street Institute supports the Stronger Start for Working Families Act. This impactful legislation would modernize earned income thresholds and increase refundability under the Child Tax Credit—putting more money back in the pockets of working families. R Street’s Project for Women and Families has long prioritized policies that reduce child poverty, and this proposal would do just that. We applaud Senator Hassan (D-N.H.) and Senator Young (R-Ind.) for their bipartisan leadership and encourage more Senators to join them in this important effort. Ensuring that children in this country do not grow up in poverty is not a partisan issue; it is simply the right thing to do,” said Anthony Lamorena, Senior Federal Affairs Manager at the R Street Institute.

“Sen. Hassan (D-NH) and Sen. Young (R-IN) should be applauded for their bipartisan leadership in introducing the Stronger Start for Working Families Act. This legislation will give millions of families working in low to moderate wage jobs a much needed $375 increase to their Child Tax Credit (CTC),” said RESULTS Executive Director Joanne Carter. “It is an important reminder that Congress can work together across party lines to promote the financial well-being of families.”

“The Stronger Start for Working Families Act will meaningfully expand the reach of the Child Tax Credit at a time when families are struggling to afford necessities like child care and groceries. We applaud Senators Hassan and Young for their bipartisan leadership on a working families tax cut that is effective, simple, and fiscally responsible.” – Zach Moller, Director of the Economic Program, Third Way

“The Child Tax Credit is the primary way our tax code supports parents in their hard work of raising the next generation, but too many working families are unable to fully benefit from it. This bill is a smart, targeted way of ensuring that hard work pays, and that parents have a little more support in covering the expenses of everyday life.” – Patrick T. Brown, Ethics and Public Policy Center

“Across the country, working families are feeling financial strain as costs continue to rise. We hear stories from families, and the organizations that serve them, about choosing between groceries and a filled prescription, keeping their houses cold in the winter to keep skyrocketing energy bills down, choosing overtime when they want to go back to school, and sometimes making these tough calls and still not having enough to pay their bills. We support the Stronger Start for Working Families Act as it responds to the needs of Hoosier families who want to give their children what they need to grow up healthy, focus on their education, and prepare for their futures.” – Aspen Clemons, Executive Director of Prosperity Indiana

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Heinrich Cosponsors Venezuela War Powers Resolution

WASHINGTON — U.S. Senator Martin Heinrich (D-N.M.) cosponsored a War Powers Resolution to block the use of the U.S. Armed Forces to engage in hostilities within or against Venezuela unless authorized by Congress. The resolution is led by U.S. Senators Tim Kaine (D-Va.), Rand Paul (R-Ky.), Chuck Schumer (D-N.Y.), and Adam Schiff (D-Calif.).

The text of the resolution is here.

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Hickenlooper, Bennet in MS NOW Op-ed: “It’s Southeast Colorado Today… Your Community Tomorrow”

Senators: “With one stroke of a pen, [Trump] denied clean drinking water to 50,000 Americans in rural southeast Colorado.”

House will take up vote today to override Trump’s veto of Hickenlooper and Bennet’s bipartisan Arkansas Valley Conduit legislation

In case you missed it, U.S. Senators John Hickenlooper and Michael Bennet penned an op-ed today in MS NOW detailing how critical the Arkansas Valley Conduit is for southeastern Colorado and calling on Congress to overturn Trump’s veto on their bipartisan, unanimous legislation to lower costs on the construction and complete the project.

“In the first veto of his second term, President Donald Trump chose to halt a bipartisan 130-mile water infrastructure project 60 years in the making,”wrote Hickenlooper and Bennet in the op-ed. “When a president puts political vendettas ahead of clean water for schools, hospitals and ranchers, he isn’t ‘shaking up’ Washington. He is undermining the people he swore to serve. And it’s working people and rural communities that pay the price.”

The senators continued: “If members of either party actually want to deliver for their constituents, then the path forward is clear. Congress must stand up to this intimidation, honor the promise made 60 years ago and override this veto.”

Last Tuesday, President Trump vetoed Hickenlooper and Bennet’s bipartisan Finish the Arkansas Valley Conduit Act, which passed the Senate and House of Representatives unanimously. The House is scheduled to take up a vote to override Trump’s veto today.

The Arkansas Valley Conduit is the final component of the Fryingpan-Arkansas Project, a water diversion and storage project in the lower Arkansas Valley, which Congress approved in 1962. Once constructed, the conduit will deliver clean drinking water from the Pueblo Reservoir to more than 50,000 families, producers, and municipalities throughout 39 communities in the Lower Arkansas River Valley.

Read more in MS NOW or below:

In the first veto of his second term, President Donald Trump chose to halt a bipartisan 130-mile water infrastructure project 60 years in the making. With one stroke of a pen, he denied clean drinking water to 50,000 Americans in rural southeast Colorado.

This decision defies logic but fits a troubling pattern. While the administration focuses its energy on international brinkmanship and personal grievances, the basic needs of American families are treated like an afterthought, even as costs for working people continue to soar.

Trump’s focus changes by the hour, but the consequences for Americans across the country are permanent. What Congress must do next is clear.

The Arkansas Valley Conduit is much more than a project defined by Trump’s veto — it’s a lifeline. Without it, southeastern Coloradans must continue to rely on contaminated, carcinogenic groundwater. Authorized by Congress in 1962, the Fryingpan-Arkansas Project was designed to deliver water from the Pueblo Reservoir to 39 communities along the Arkansas River Valley. That year, President John F. Kennedy stood in Pueblo and promised that the federal government would see it through.

For the next six decades, Colorado leaders from both parties fought to keep that promise. We are in the final stages of the project, and keeping the conduit affordable is a critical remaining piece.

Through our historic Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, signed into law in November 2021, we secured more than $500 million for the project and broke ground on the conduit in 2023. We partnered with Rep. Lauren Boebert to introduce the Finish the Arkansas Valley Conduit Act in January 2025 to keep construction on track. The act also reduced costs by lowering the interest rate and established flexible repayment terms for the communities in Colorado footing the costs of construction.

The bill would have no measurable increase in federal spending and passed the Senate and the House of Representatives with the support of every single member of Congress. In a Washington defined by division, Republicans and Democrats alike agreed that this was the right thing to do — everyone except the president.

It’s baffling why anyone would veto a unanimous, bipartisan rural water project. It’s even more baffling when you consider who is being hurt. The people of Colorado’s Eastern Plains overwhelmingly supported this president at the polls and took him at his word when he campaigned on lowering costs and making life better for the often-forgotten parts of America.

The completion of the Arkansas Valley Conduit would mean water for rural schools in communities such as Lamar, which are teaching the next generation. It would mean water for hospitals in towns such as La Junta, which are keeping Coloradans healthy.

Instead, Trump has left these communities out to dry — communities that have been waiting for safe drinking water for 60 years.

Sadly, this veto is part of a broader campaign of attacks against our state.

Over the past month, Trump has denied Colorado critical disaster relief after wildfires and flooding. His administration abruptly announced the dismantling of the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, without any plan to continue its life-saving scientific work. His administration canceled hundreds of millions of dollars in transportation and child care grants for our state.

When a president puts political vendettas ahead of clean water for schools, hospitals and ranchers, he isn’t “shaking up” Washington. He is undermining the people he swore to serve. And it’s working people and rural communities that pay the price.

Unfortunately, this is par for the course with this president. Time and again, he has made critical announcements and, before the public can digest them, he’s already moved on to his next reckless action. This pattern leaves everyday Americans to pick up the pieces.

His administration’s tactics are designed to overwhelm us and make us resigned to the consequences. But projects like the Arkansas Valley Conduit are too important to fall victim to Trump’s strategic chaos.

It’s southeast Colorado today, but if we allow basic infrastructure projects to be used as a political weapon, it could be your community tomorrow.

The House of Representatives is scheduled to take up a vote Thursday to override Trump’s veto. If members of either party actually want to deliver for their constituents, then the path forward is clear. Congress must stand up to this intimidation, honor the promise made 60 years ago and override this veto.

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Hickenlooper Statement on Failed House Vote to Override President’s Veto of His Finish the AVC Act

WASHINGTON – Today, U.S. Senator John Hickenlooper released the following statement after the House of Representatives failed to overturn President Trump’s veto of his Finish the Arkansas Valley Conduit (AVC) Act.

“This is Washington at its worst. Every single U.S. House member supported this bill to bring clean water to Southeastern Colorado before Christmas — Democrats and Republicans.

“But today they refused to stick to their guns and override President Trump’s retaliatory veto. Rural Colorado is paying the price for these political games.”

In an op-ed for MS Now, formerly MSNBC, Hickenlooper and Bennet criticized Trump’s reckless decision and called on both the House and the Senate to vote to override the President’s veto.

The Arkansas Valley Conduit is the final component of the Fryingpan-Arkansas Project, a water diversion and storage project in the lower Arkansas Valley, which Congress approved in 1962. Once constructed, the Conduit will deliver clean drinking water from the Pueblo Reservoir to more than 50,000 families and municipalities throughout 39 communities in the Lower Arkansas River Valley.

The Finish the AVC Act would remove interest payments on all non-federal cost share funds and extend the repayment period from 50 to 100 years. This bill helps make sure that underserved communities of Southeastern Colorado can access clean drinking water and repay the federal government. The estimated cost of the project more than doubled from the 2019 estimate of $640 million to $1.3 billion due to increased inflation and labor costs.

Hickenlooper and Bennet have long advocated for increased federal funding for the AVC and will continue pushing to complete the project. They reintroduced the bipartisan Finish the AVC Act in January last year. Both senators helped deliver $500 million in funding for the Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) from the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law for the AVC, including $250 million, $90 million earlier this year, $100 million in 2023 and $60 million in 2022.

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Hickenlooper Statement on Senate War Powers Resolution Vote

WASHINGTON – U.S. Senator John Hickenlooper released the following statement after voting in support of Senator Tim Kaine’s War Powers Resolution, which would block the use of the U.S. Armed Forces to engage in further hostilities within or against Venezuela unless authorized by Congress.

“Congress, not the President, decides when this country goes to war.

“Nicolás Maduro is a corrupt, tyrannical leader who has trampled the democratic will of the Venezuelan people. But this U.S. sponsored regime change has opened the door to one more ‘forever war’ – a chapter we swore was behind us.

“Americans don’t want their government spending millions of dollars to ‘run Venezuela.’ They want affordable groceries and health care and good-paying jobs. It’s time Washington listened.”

Hickenlooper’s previous public statement on the U.S. military operation in Venezuela is available HERE.

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Hyde-Smith highlights expanded benefits for families of fallen or disabled first responders

By Hinds Today

U.S. Senator Cindy Hyde-Smith (R-Miss.) has highlighted recent legislative changes that expand federal benefits for families of firefighters and other first responders affected by service-related cancers. This announcement comes ahead of National Law Enforcement Appreciation Day.

Hyde-Smith cosponsored the Honoring Our Fallen Heroes Act (S.237), which updates the federal Public Safety Officers’ Benefits (PSOB) program to recognize occupational cancer as a line-of-duty death or disability. The change addresses the increased cancer risk faced by firefighters and other first responders due to exposure to carcinogens.

“The Honoring Our Fallen Heroes Act recognizes that the lives and health of our first responders, whether law enforcement, firefighters, or EMTs, are deeply affected by exposure to dangerous contaminants and chronic carcinogens. Today, these first responders and their families will have better access to federal benefits,” Hyde-Smith said. “I consider enactment of this law as a showing of our appreciation for those who put their lives on the line every day to protect our communities.”

The new law, enacted in December as part of a broader legislative package, allows families of first responders who die or become permanently disabled from service-related cancers to receive support from the PSOB program. Previously, eligibility was limited to physical injuries sustained in duty or deaths from heart attacks, strokes, certain mental health conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder, and illnesses related to September 11.

Several organizations representing first responders supported the legislation. These include the International Association of Fire Fighters, Federal Law Enforcement Officers Association, Fraternal Order of Police, Major County Sheriffs of America, Metropolitan Fire Chiefs Association, National Association of Police Organizations, Congressional Fire Services Institute, National Fallen Firefighters Foundation, National Fire Protection Association, National Narcotics Officers’ Associations’ Coalition and the National Volunteer Fire Council.


HYDE-SMITH HIGHLIGHTS EXPANDED FIRST RESPONDER BENEFITS AHEAD OF LAW ENFORCEMENT APPRECIATION DAY

Miss. Senator Cosponsored Bill Signed into Law to Expand Federal Benefits for Firefighters, Other First Responders

WASHINGTON, D.C. – In advance of National Law Enforcement Appreciation Day on Friday, U.S. Senator Cindy Hyde-Smith (R-Miss.) today called attention to legislation she cosponsored to expand access to federal support for the families of firefighters and other first responders who pass away or become permanently disabled from service-related cancers.

Hyde-Smith cosponsored the Honoring Our Fallen Heroes Act (S.237) to amend the federal Public Safety Officers’ Benefits (PSOB) program to recognize occupational cancer as a line-of-duty death or disability, a vital update to reflect the heightened cancer risk firefighters and other first responders face due to chronic carcinogen exposure.

“The Honoring Our Fallen Heroes Act recognizes that the lives and health of our first responders, whether law enforcement, firefighters, or EMTs, are deeply affected by exposure to dangerous contaminants and chronic carcinogens. Today, these first responders and their families will have better access to federal benefits,” Hyde-Smith said. “I consider enactment of this law as a showing of our appreciation for those who put their lives on the line every day to protect our communities.”

Under the Honoring Our Fallen Heroes Act, which became law in December as part of a larger legislative package, the families of firefighters and other first responders who lose their lives or become permanently disabled as a result of service-related cancers are eligible for support from the PSOB program.

Prior to the enactment of this legislation, affected first responders were only eligible for PSOB support for physical injuries sustained in the line of duty, or for deaths from duty-related heart attacks, strokes, mental health conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder, and 9/11-related illnesses. The new law should help ensure PSOB benefits keep pace with the needs of first responders and their families.

Among the first responder organizations that endorsed the legislation are the International Association of Fire Fighters, Federal Law Enforcement Officers Association, Fraternal Order of Police, Association of State Criminal Investigative Agencies; Major County Sheriffs of America, Metropolitan Fire Chiefs Association, National Association of Police Organizations, Congressional Fire Services Institute, National Fallen Firefighters Foundation, National Fire Protection Association, National Narcotics Officers’ Associations’ Coalition, and the National Volunteer Fire Council.

U.S. Senators Amy Klobuchar (D-Minn.) and Kevin Cramer (R-N.D.) were the lead sponsors of S.237, which had broad bipartisan support in the Senate.

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Kaine, Colleagues Applaud Unanimous Senate Passage of Bipartisan Bill to Increase Job Support for Surviving Spouses of Servicemembers

WASHINGTON, D.C. – U.S. Senator Tim Kaine (D-VA), a member of the Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC), welcomed the Senate’s unanimous approval of a bipartisan bill he cosponsored to expand access to job counseling services for spouses of servicemembers who died while on active duty through the Disabled Veterans Outreach Program. The program, which is housed within the Veterans’ Employment and Training Service at the Department of Labor, currently provides every state with funding to hire specialists who provide individualized career counseling services to eligible veterans. The Gold Star and Surviving Spouse Career Services Act expands the program to include surviving spouses.

“Gold Star families make sacrifices day in and day out for our country, and we owe them our support,” said Kaine. “That includes assistance when it comes to accessing high-quality career counseling services. I’m proud the Senate passed bipartisan legislation I cosponsored to stand with surviving spouses and help ensure that type of support is within reach, just like it already is for many veterans.”

Kaine has long fought to expand access and benefits for military families. Kaine secured the inclusion of key wins for military families in the 2026 National Defense Authorization Act — including provisions that improved access to continuing education programs, expanded funding to support military children with severe disabilities, and secured funding to make child care more affordable and accessible for eligible military families. He also introduced the Military Spouse Hiring Act to help boost the hiring of military spouses and introduced the Fair Housing Improvement Act to protect veterans and military families from housing discrimination.

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Kaine, Schumer & Schiff Applaud Senate Advancement of Bipartisan War Powers Resolution to Prevent Illegal War with Venezuela

WASHINGTON, D.C. – Today, U.S. Senator Tim Kaine (D-VA), Senate Minority Leader Charles E. Schumer (D-NY), and U.S. Senator Adam Schiff (D-CA) applauded the Senate’s advancement by a 52-47 vote of their bipartisan War Powers Resolution to block the use of the U.S. Armed Forces to engage in hostilities within or against Venezuela unless authorized by Congress. The Senate is expected to continue voting on the measure next week.

“Maduro’s arrest is good for the U.S. and Venezuela. If President Trump had left this at his arrest, I wouldn’t have called up this vote. But the President’s claims that the U.S. will run Venezuela for years makes it clear that his plans go way beyond Maduro,” said Kaine, a member of the Senate Armed Services Committee and Ranking Member of the Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere. “This war is clearly illegal because it was launched without the debate and vote by Congress the Constitution requires. With today’s vote—after months of congressional leadership refusing to hold a single public hearing about this war—the Senate sends a clear message: we will not accept that. Now, the Senate moves closer to actually debating the merits of military action in Venezuela in full view of the American public. Every senator needs to go on the record.”

“For months, the Trump administration has dodged accountability and obfuscated their intention and plans in the Caribbean and Venezuela. Now Congress has taken a concrete step to stop Trump’s folly and reassert their constitutional authority in foreign conflicts,” said Leader Schumer. “Donald Trump seems content to drag our country and American families into an endless war with no plan, no transparency, and nothing but wishful thinking. But today, Democrats and Republicans came together to begin to stop this madness and advance the War Powers Resolution.”

“Today, the U.S. Senate took an important and bipartisan step in exercising its constitutional war powers and putting constraints on further military action in Venezuela,” said Schiff. “Now, we can advance a critical and full debate on the Senate floor. The progress of this War Powers resolution to the full Senate, reflects the Senate’s deep concern over the Administration’s plans to ‘run’ Venezuela and profit off its oil industry. If the administration believes it is the country’s interest to deploy service members to secure the oil resources of another country, it should seek Congressional authorization to do so. We have all too much experience in getting mired down in foreign exercises in regime change and nation building, and the American people want us to focus on problems at home.”

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King, Murkowski Criticize Trump Administration’s Greenland Posturing

WASHINGTON, D.C. – U.S. Senators Angus King (I-ME) and Lisa Murkowski (R-AK), co-chairs of the United States Senate Arctic Caucus, released the following statements following members of the Trump Administration’s recent comments on Greenland.

“America is an Arctic nation, and our strength for decades in the High North has been the collaborative relationships we share with our allies in the Arctic community,” said Senator King. “I’ll bottom line it: there is absolutely no national security reason for us to own, occupy or control Greenland. We have had an Air Force base – which is now a Space Force base – in Greenland for 75 years. Based on my bipartisan work with Senator Murkowski, I know for a fact that the Danes and the Greenlanders do not want to sell their territory, and would certainly be willing to accommodate whatever we believe is necessary to advance and protect our national security and the security of the Arctic region. The fact is we do not need to own the real estate to develop and deploy national security assets in friendly countries.”

“I continue to hope the administration’s rhetoric on Greenland is nothing more than posturing for a new era of cooperation, because any effort to claim or take the territory by force would degrade both our national security and our international relationships,” said Senator Murkowski. “We have a long history of close cooperation with Greenland, dating back to World War II and continuing today with the Pituffik Space Base, and have always been able to achieve our mutual goals through strong diplomacy with its people. As Greenland charts its future, we must see it as an ally, not an asset, and focus on continued partnership rather than possession.”

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Statement from the Office of Senator King on the Federal Law Enforcement Shooting in Minnesota

WASHINGTON, D.C. – Today, the office of U.S. Senator Angus King (I-ME) released the following statement following the federal law enforcement shooting in Minnesota:

“Senator King has watched the video footage from Minnesota extensively. Based on this footage, he sees no clear evidence of threats or potential harm to the officer in question. That said, Senator King is a staunch advocate of due process and believes that a full, impartial investigation should take place to determine the facts of the case."

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Graham Statement on Venezuela War Powers Resolution Vote

WASHINGTON – U.S. Senator Lindsey Graham (R-South Carolina) today made this statement after the Senate voted on the Venezuela War Powers Resolution introduced by U.S. Senator Tim Kaine (D-Virginia). Graham voted no.

“I served for 33 years as a military lawyer judge advocate for the U.S. Air Force. I was a prosecutor, defense attorney and for a brief period, a military judge. The authority of the Commander in Chief under Article II of the U.S. Constitution in matters of conflict and the President’s ability to use military force to protect our nation is a subject matter area I feel comfortable with.

“Today’s vote in the U.S. Senate on the Venezuela War Powers Resolution was a gift to our enemies, will encourage more bad behavior in Venezuela and it is an unconstitutional attempt to restrict the power of the Commander in Chief.

“Throughout my political career I have been consistent on the idea that under the U.S. Constitution, there is only one Commander in Chief and that is the President. I’ve always rejected the idea that the U.S. Constitution allows Congress to replace the President’s judgement as Commander in Chief in matters of military force.

“I told then-President Obama his actions in Syria fell within his authority as Commander in Chief and that he did not need congressional authorization.

“Declaring war is exclusive to Congress and has only been done five times in our history. That does not mean a President can only use military force with congressional approval. There have been over 130 military actions taken by a President without congressional authorization. None have been stopped by the U.S. Supreme Court.

“The War Powers Act of 1973 is patently unconstitutional and must give way to delegated powers of the Constitution itself, designating the President as the sole Commander in Chief of our armed forces under Article II. One of the bedrock principles of American jurisprudence is that the U.S. Constitution reigns supreme in matters of law.

“President Trump is right to be upset with Republicans that voted with Democrats to limit his ability to change Venezuela for the better and make the world safer.

“If a member of Congress disagrees with the Commander in Chief’s decision to use military force, then they have the right to stop funding for those operations because Congress has the power of the purse under the U.S. Constitution – or they can bring impeachment actions against the President if they think it is unlawful.

“A member of Congress does not have the right to replace their judgement for that of the President who is the Commander in Chief. The nation cannot function with 535 Commanders in Chief.

“To my Republican colleagues, you are buying into unconstitutional garbage. If you continue down this road, you are going to lessen the chances of success in Venezuela and other theaters where President Trump, through his strength and resolve, is bringing about positive change.

“Again, our enemies will be encouraged by this vote in the U.S. Senate.”


Luján, Cantwell, Young, Colleagues Introduce Bipartisan National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act

Federal investment vital to ramp up U.S. quantum development—key to U.S. national security and global economic competitiveness

Washington, D.C. – Today, U.S. Senators Ben Ray Luján (D-N.M.), Member of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation, Maria Cantwell (D-Wash.), Ranking Member of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation, Todd Young (R-Ind.), Dick Durbin (D-Ill.), Steve Daines (R-Mont.), Marsha Blackburn (R-Tenn.), Tammy Baldwin (D-Wisc.), Ted Budd (R-N.C.), Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer (D-N.Y.),and Mike Rounds (R-S.D.) introduced the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act to accelerate quantum technology development and real-world applications that are vital to U.S. national security and global economic competitiveness.

“Ensuring the U.S. is at the forefront of quantum research and development is crucial for national security and technological advancements,” said Senator Luján. “To strengthen U.S. leadership in quantum technology, I’m proud to join my colleagues in introducing the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act to boost quantum innovation nationwide. New Mexico is a leader in U.S. quantum research, and this legislation will help drive innovation in our state.”

“From scientific breakthroughs in healthcare to clean energy solutions, quantum technology is a game-changer and federal investment is vital to accelerating the transition from basic science to quantum innovation and practical applications,” said Senator Cantwell. “The State of Washington, with its vibrant tech industry, national lab partnerships and a growing pipeline of quantum engineers and technicians, is poised to become ‘Quantum Valley.’ By investing in workforce development, promoting international cooperation with trusted allies and supporting resilient domestic supply chains, the National Quantum Initiative will position the United States to drive innovation, benefit from economic growth and create high-skilled jobs.”

“We need to ensure the United States has the talent and research capabilities required to lead the global tech competition and outcompete China,” said Senator Young. “Quantum technologies promise to dramatically transform every industry and sector of our economy and revolutionize our technological capabilities. The National Quantum Initiative strengthens the research and development investments and builds a strong workforce which plays a critical role in safeguarding America’s economic and national security. This legislation, which reauthorizes the NQI, is critical to ensuring American leadership in quantum technology.”

“In Illinois, we know that quantum computing is the future,” said Senator Durbin. “If we hope to push this field forward, we must invest in our quantum research centers and offer scientists the resources to advance computing, security, and connectivity. I’m joining my colleagues in support of the bipartisan National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act to ensure that we continue leading the quantum revolution.”

“I’m proud to introduce the NQIA with Senator Todd Young. In the past several years, Montana has become a leader in quantum and photonics research,” said Senator Daines. “The industry supports our economy and provides hundreds of Montana jobs. I’m proud to introduce this bipartisan bill to ensure critical research programs continue so the U.S. remains at the forefront of cutting-edge technology.”

“I’ve worked for years to reauthorize the National Quantum Initiative, and I’m pleased to join my colleagues in introducing a bill that will ensure America will dominate the global quantum race. Tennessee will play a critical role in ensuring we do not fall behind adversaries like Communist China,” said Senator Blackburn. “The National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act would reauthorize quantum programs to advance innovative quantum research, protect our national security, and advance President Trump’s goal of American quantum supremacy.”

“Wisconsin has always been an engine for innovation – and I’m committed to ensuring that our state stays on the forefront of the up-and-coming industries that will create jobs and economic growth for the future,” said Senator Baldwin. “I’m proud to work with Republicans and Democrats to support the cutting-edge work in quantum computing being done at Wisconsin’s research universities and ensure our nation remains competitive on the global stage for the next generation.”

“Maintaining America’s leadership in technological innovation is non-negotiable for our national defense and economic growth,” said Senator Budd. “Quantum computing has transformative potential in finance, healthcare, secure communications, and other fields. We must continue to strategically invest in quantum research and development to ensure continued American security and prosperity well into the future.”

“Quantum technology is critical to national security and new jobs and innovation, which is why I have long fought to invest in the R&D, workforce, and supply chains required to maintain American leadership in this critical technology,” said Senator Schumer. “This legislation will provide the necessary, sustained federal investment to ensure that the quantum industry is made in America, not in China.”

“Alongside artificial intelligence, quantum technology has the potential to be one of the most consequential technologies of this generation,” said Senator Rounds. “As such, President Trump has identified quantum information science and technology dominance as a critical area for American leadership. The National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act supports that priority.”

Since its enactment in 2018, the National Quantum Initiative (NQI) has helped to catalyze a rapidly growing U.S. quantum ecosystem, supporting the emergence of dozens of venture-backed quantum startups and a broader national industry spanning quantum computing, networking and sensing. Through NQI-aligned programs, researchers have produced thousands of peer-reviewed publications and patents, and a new generation of quantum engineers has been trained. Federal coordination under the Initiative has driven billions of dollars in public and private investment, accelerating breakthroughs and strengthening U.S. leadership in quantum standards and measurement science.

These outcomes clearly demonstrate that the Initiative has moved quantum from a fragmented research effort into a nationally coordinated engine for innovation, commercialization, and competitiveness. But without sustained federal investment and a clear pathway beyond basic research, the United States risks losing technological leadership, weakening national security advantages, and ceding future economic growth to foreign competitors.

The bipartisan legislation would advance the National Quantum Initiative across the full research-to-application spectrum, strengthening basic research while accelerating practical applications and expanding the Initiative to include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) research initiatives, including quantum satellite communications and quantum sensing. The bill would establish up to three new National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) quantum centers. It would create five new National Science Foundation (NSF) Multidisciplinary Centers for Quantum Research and Education, a quantum education and workforce hub and new quantum testbeds. These new centers, hubs, and testbeds would provide the shared infrastructure needed to scale quantum research, translate breakthroughs into applications, and train the next generation of quantum scientists and engineers.

The National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act:

Extends the National Quantum Initiative by five years to December 2034. Reauthorizes quantum research, education and development initiatives across NIST, NSF and NASA.

Requires the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy to develop an international quantum cooperation strategy to coordinate R&D activities with allies of the United States.

Creates new prize challenges to accelerate the development of quantum applications and algorithms through public-private collaboration.

Directs the Secretary of Commerce to submit a plan to Congress to strengthen quantum supply chain resilience.

Establishes up to three new NIST quantum centers to advance research in quantum sensing, measurement and engineering.

Creates five new NSF Multidisciplinary Centers for Quantum Research and Education, a quantum workforce coordination hub and quantum testbeds.

For the first time, authorizes NASA quantum R&D activities including quantum satellite communications and quantum sensing research initiatives.

The full bill text is HERE and a section by section is HERE.

“The Quantum Industry Coalition applauds Senator Young and Senator Cantwell for introducing the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act. This vital legislation will help advance U.S. leadership in the critical fields of quantum computing, sensing, networking, and cryptography.” – Paul Stimers, Executive Director of the Quantum Industry Coalition (QIC’s letter of support for the NQI Reauthorization is here.)

“The NQI is a critical component of the U.S. quantum ecosystem, providing a solid foundation of leading-edge research and creating a pipeline of relevantly educated talent. The NQI Reauthorization will further grow the US ecosystem by adding capacity to move basic research from lab to market and enhancing coordination and collaboration with the private sector and international partners. QED-C is excited to contribute and participate in accelerating progress toward a quantum-enabled economy.” – Celia Merzbacher, Executive Director of the Quantum Economic Development Consortium

“Quantum computing is accelerating rapidly, and the time to act is now. The National Quantum Initiative has delivered important advances over the past five years, and IBM is proud to help lead that progress. But the pace of global innovation demands that we move even faster. Reauthorizing the NQI is essential to sustaining U.S. leadership in a technology that will transform industries, reshape scientific discovery, and unlock tremendous economic value. We urge Congress to quickly pass this measure and accelerate the research, workforce development, and public-private partnerships that will translate quantum innovation into real-world benefits for the American people.” – Arvind Krishna, Chairman and CEO, IBM

“Microsoft supports the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act as a vital step in maintaining U.S. leadership in quantum information science. This legislation plays a crucial role in driving innovation, cultivating a skilled quantum workforce, and fostering public-private partnerships. As quantum technologies advance, they offer transformative potential to address critical global challenges and accelerate scientific discovery. Microsoft is proud to contribute to the progress of quantum science and technology and advocates for the swift passage of this essential legislation to secure the United States’ position at the forefront of the quantum revolution.” – Fred Humphries, Corporate VP U.S. Government Affairs for Microsoft

“Google thanks Senators Young and Cantwell for introducing the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act. As a leader in the quantum computing field, Google Quantum AI views this legislation as a vital step for America’s technological future. Since 2018, the Initiative has secured U.S. quantum leadership through essential federal investment in R&D and the STEM workforce. By expanding its scope and adding focus on practical applications and public-private collaboration, this Act ensures the United States maintains its competitive edge. We are proud to partner with National Quantum Initiative centers and activities, and look forward to the economic and national security benefits this legislation will deliver.” – Hartmut Neven, Founder and Lead, Google Quantum AI

“IonQ thanks Senator Young and Senator Cantwell for their leadership and look forward to swift passage of the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act. We believe quantum technologies will positively transform the world economy and profoundly impact national security. This is both a historic and foundational Act to ensure the United States builds a sustainable global leadership position in quantum technologies.” – Niccolo de Masi, Chairman & CEO of IonQ

“Infleqtion applauds Senators Cantwell and Young for advancing the National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act. Reauthorizing the NQI is important for U.S. national security and economic competitiveness and will improve the lives of all Americans. Quantum technologies will strengthen our nation’s critical infrastructure, boost U.S. manufacturing and jobs, and this legislation will help accelerate deployable quantum capabilities into real-world use and accelerate adoption at scale.” – Matt Kinsella, CEO of Infleqtion

“SEEQC is developing advanced quantum computing hardware based on a fully chip-based architecture designed for scalable, energy-efficient deployment and domestic manufacturability. Our approach enables quantum systems to be designed, fabricated, and integrated within the United States. Congress should reaffirm America’s commitment to leadership in this strategic industry. U.S. must maintain the lead as quantum computing transitions from research to deployment, directly influencing economic growth, national security, and the global standards governing next-generation computing systems. SEEQC strongly supports the bipartisan leadership of Senators Cantwell, Young, Daines, and Blackburn, and Sen. Schumer in advancing this legislation. This bill will help ensure that the United States leads not only in quantum discovery, but also in the domestic manufacturing and secure deployment of quantum computing systems.”– John Levy, CEO, Chair and Co-Founder, SEEQC

“Maintaining excellence in quantum science is critical for U.S. economic competitiveness and national security. We applaud Senators Young and Cantwell for advancing the National Quantum Initiative, which establishes a critical framework to accomplish this goal. Academic science and engineering research has been the seed corn for quantum innovation, and agencies like the National Science Foundation and others play a vital role in sustaining this work. This legislation will help ensure U.S. universities remain strong contributors to our national quantum goals, while also helping to educate the quantum workforce of the future.” –Barbara R. Snyder, President, Association of American Universities

“The National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act is vital for advancing quantum science and technology and ensuring the United States remains a global leader in this field. At the University of Washington, this investment empowers us to train the next generation of quantum researchers, and strengthens our ability to innovate in quantum computing, communication, and materials.” – Dr. Kai-Mei Fu, Professor of Physics, Electrical Engineering at the University of Washington

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Luján Votes to Block Trump Administration From Plunging the U.S. Into Another Endless War

Washington, D.C. – U.S. Senator Ben Ray Luján (D-N.M.) issued the following statement after voting to advance a bipartisan War Powers Resolution that blocks the use of the U.S. Armed Forces to engage in hostilities within or against Venezuela unless authorized by Congress:

“President Trump’s actions in Venezuela drag our country and our servicemembers closer to yet another endless war with no clear plan or transparency. While I support targeted efforts to hold cartel members and narco-terrorists accountable, plunging the Western Hemisphere into further chaos without a clear strategy or path toward peace and stability is not the answer.

“I’m grateful the Senate had the courage to advance this bipartisan resolution and make it clear that President Trump cannot continue to illegally ignore congressional authority. Congress must now pass this resolution to ensure it exercises its constitutional war powers to prevent future attacks on other nations – including our neighbors and allies – without warning.”

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McConnell Comments on War Powers, Next Steps in Venezuela

Washington, D.C. – U.S. Senator Mitch McConnell (R-KY) submitted the following remarks for the record today ahead of the Senate’s roll call vote on the motion to discharge from Foreign Relations Committee, S.J.Res.98, Kaine War Powers Resolution (Venezuela):

“I’d like to make just a few brief observations ahead of the vote on Senator Kaine’s War Powers resolution.

“The War Powers Act is not the law I would have written, and there are reasonable questions about its constitutionality. But it’s been the law now for over 50 years. And it’s important to remember what it was designed to prevent… and, even more importantly, what it wasn’t.

“Back in 1973, the goal was preventing another Vietnam. The idea was to impose guardrails against the large-scale, indefinite commitment of U.S. troops abroad. And in shutting that door, the law very intentionally reaffirmed our founders’ decision to leave another door open.

“The law grants presidents clear authority for the limited use of military force. And of the many occasions over the years when colleagues on both sides of the aisle have invoked the War Powers Act to condemn such limited use of military force – by Presidents of both parties – I can’t recall a single one in which Congress managed to change the facts and artificially constrain the Commander-in-Chief’s authority.

“This time is no different. The President was well within this authority in his decision to bring Nicolas Maduro to justice. How do we know? A number of ways:

“First, plain statute: Notification of Congress within 48? Check. Withdrawal within 60 days? Try 60 minutes!

“What’s more – recent history provides clear precedent from presidents of both parties. What authority did this operation exceed that President Obama or President Reagan did not exceed in operations in Libya? Or President Clinton in Kosovo? What makes this time different than President Biden’s strikes in Syria or Yemen? Certainly, there’s little daylight between the legality of this operation and the one President H.W. Bush undertook to apprehend Manuel Noriega in Panama.

“You don’t have to agree with a president’s approach to national security policy to acknowledge his compliance with the law and his constitutional authority for the use of force… Which makes the invocation of the War Powers Act such a tired and blunt instrument. For my part, I’ve consistently opposed resolutions like these aimed at constraining presidents’ constitutional authority. And I’ve done it on behalf of presidents of both parties.

“I’m old enough to remember when – during President Obama’s feckless dealings with Iran – no less than the future Democratic Leader insisted that, ‘we should never take the military option off the table’.

“But every one of our colleagues remembers last summer when the frequent fliers of the War Powers Resolution reached yet again for their favorite tool after the President’s decision to degrade Iran’s nuclear program without putting a single American boot on the ground.

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“Of course, there are serious questions at hand to which the Senate and the American people should expect serious answers from the Commander-in-Chief. The President’s authorities to conduct military operations may be wide and well-established, but they incur a responsibility to situate decisive actions in broader, longer-term strategy.

“Maduro is an authoritarian thug. He reduced a once-prosperous neighbor of America to an impoverished vassal of Cuba, Russia, Iran, and China. He profited from the flow of lethal drugs to America. He spat in the face of Venezuelan voters. And, until very recently, he slept in peace while they starved.

“A Western Hemisphere without him or his ilk in power serves America’s interests. But clearly, Venezuela and the hemisphere have a ways to go.

“To the extent that our colleagues are concerned about the mechanisms and timeline of a transition to democratically-elected Venezuelan leaders, I share their curiosity. If they want to know more about the President’s longer-term strategy to stabilize Venezuela and the Western Hemisphere, so do I!

“Suffice it to say that whatever the objective, whatever the strategy, America is well-served when its Presidents secure enduring bipartisan support for their foreign policies. President Obama ignored Congress in pursuing a reckless and bad nuclear deal with Iran. Unsurprisingly, that deal did not endure.

“Successfully returning Venezuela to its role of stable, prosperous, democratic neighbor is a noble goal… but an ambitious one. It doesn’t come without risk. And it’s worth making the clear case to the country.

“I appreciate the Administration’s willingness to brief Senators on the sensitive details of a tactical victory. But they owe it to the American people – and, frankly, the long-suffering people of Venezuela – to lay out the path to strategic success in much greater detail.

“If the aim is to reestablish American primacy in its near abroad, great. If the idea is to evict enemies who hate America from a valuable foothold in our region, onward!

“A stable Venezuela, led by duly elected Venezuelans, will leave Americans safer and more secure. The Administration should explain how that end goal will be achieved.

“In the meantime, I will oppose the Kaine resolution, and would urge my colleagues to do the same.”


Following 5th Anniversary of January 6, Merkley and Tillis Secure Unanimous Passage of Bipartisan Resolution to Display January 6 Plaque Inside U.S. Capitol

After the 2021 attack, Congress agreed to install a permanent plaque to honor law enforcement who helped protect U.S. Capitol; now, Senate has agreed to temporarily install the plaque on the Senate side of the Capitol

Washington, D.C. – Today, Oregon’s U.S. Senator Jeff Merkley and North Carolina’s U.S. Senator Thom Tillis announced that the Senate unanimously passed their bipartisan resolution to display a commemorative January 6 plaque on the Senate wing of the U.S. Capitol until it is permanently installed on the Capitol’s West Front. The commemorative plaque will honor the heroism of the Capitol police and other officers who defended the Capitol on January 6th.

In March 2022, Congress passed a provision as part of Public Law 117–103, which required the installation of a plaque honoring the Capitol Police and other law enforcement forces that responded to the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021. By law, the plaque was to be placed on the western side of the building by March 2023. Thanks to Merkley and Tillis’ efforts, the Senate unanimously agreed to temporarily install the plaque until its permanent home is secured.

“Telling the story about what happened on January 6th requires recognizing the heroism of officers who defended the U.S. Capitol and our democracy itself from violent insurrectionists,” said Merkley. “Congress passed a law requiring the installation of a plaque to honor these heroes, and the failure to permanently display it remains an egregious insult to all those who were injured defending the Capitol, and the five officers who died because of the attack on the Capitol. Today, we took an important step forward to honor their sacrifice, and I thank my colleague, Senator Tillis, for working with me to ensure we will never forget the truth about this attack on our democracy.”

“On January 6, 2021, courageous law enforcement officers from the United States Capitol Police and other agencies risked their lives to defend the United States Capitol and protect Members of Congress and their staff,” said Tillis. “Their brave actions upheld the rule of law and ensured that our democratic institutions could continue to function as intended. Prominently displaying this plaque in the United States Senate ensures their heroism and sacrifice are properly recognized. We owe it to these brave men and women to honor their service and acknowledge the critical role they played in defending the United States Capitol.”

The full text of the simple resolution is available below and by clicking here:

Directing the Architect of the Capitol to prominently display, in a publicly accessible location in the Senate wing of the United States Capitol, a plaque honoring the members of law enforcement responding on January 6, 2021, until the plaque can be placed in its permanent location.

Whereas the United States owes its deepest gratitude to those officers of the United States Capitol Police and the Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia, as well as officers from other Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies and protective entities, who valiantly protected the United States Capitol, Members of Congress, and staff on January 6, 2021;

Whereas section 214 of division I of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022 (2 U.S.C. 2131 note prec.; 136 Stat. 527) directed that a plaque be placed on the western front of the United States Capitol to honor the extraordinary individuals who bravely protected and defended this symbol of democracy on January 6, 2021; and

Whereas their heroism should never be forgotten: Now, therefore, be it

Resolved, That the Architect of the Capitol shall prominently display the plaque produced pursuant to section 214 of division I of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022 (2 U.S.C. 2131 note prec.; 136 Stat. 527) in a publicly accessible location in the Senate wing of the United States Capitol until such time as the plaque can be placed at a permanent location on the western front of the United States Capitol.

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Wyden and Merkley Introduce Bills to Ban Taxpayer Payouts for January 6 Insurrectionists

Roughly 400 January 6 rioters pardoned or granted clemency by Trump are seeking up to $10 million in taxpayer dollars

Washington, D.C. – U.S. Senators Ron Wyden and Jeff Merkley (both D-Ore.) said today they have introduced a pair of bills that would prevent January 6 rioters from receiving taxpayer-funded payouts from the federal government.

Leaders of the “Proud Boys” far-right militant organization are suing the federal government for $100 million. Senior Department of Justice (DOJ) official Ed Martin reportedly supports compensating violent January 6 insurrectionists.

“Donald Trump is a disgrace for even considering giving away taxpayer-funded cash rewards to the insurrectionists who attacked Capitol law enforcement officers,” Wyden said. “Trump’s scheme to create a victims’ compensation fund for these rioters is one more corrupt chapter in the ongoing plot to cover up the violence and assault on American democracy on January 6. Our legislation will ensure there is no taxpayer-funded reward for this assault on our democracy and our nation’s law enforcement.”

“Violent January 6 insurrectionists should not be rewarded with cash payments from the Trump Administration, plain and simple,” Merkley said. “Trump’s shameful pardons and promises of cash payments to rioters disrespect the rule of law, our democracy, and the brave men and women serving in law enforcement across America.”

Last year, the DOJ met with a lawyer for January 6 insurrectionists, who is asking for a victims’ compensation fund like the version used to compensate September 11, 2001 victims. This requested compensation fund would issue cash rewards for alleged “harms” these rioters have faced.

Any such fund would be both deeply corrupt and unlawful, as the establishment of a separate fund requires congressional action, but rioters could seek to “sue and settle” claims and raid the federal Judgment Fund instead. Trump himself has also demanded that the Justice Department pay him $230 million in personal compensation for investigating his various offenses.

The No Rewards for January 6 Rioters Act would broadly prohibit using federal funds to compensate any January 6 rioters prosecuted for their involvement in the attack on the Capitol, while stopping the ongoing refunds of fines already paid as part of their convictions. The No Settlements for January 6 Law Enforcement Assaulters Act would forbid the federal government from paying out any legal settlements to January 6 rioters convicted of assaulting law enforcement officers during the insurrection.

Both bills are endorsed by Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington; Democracy Defenders Action; Protect Democracy; Sgt. Aquilino A. Gonell, Fr. United States Capitol Police; Officer Harry Dunn, Fr. United States Capitol Police; and Officer Daniel Hodges, D.C. Metropolitan Police Department (endorsement in his personal capacity).

Joining Wyden and Merkley, the No Rewards for January 6 Rioters Act is cosponsored by Senators Richard Blumenthal (D-Conn.), Cory Booker (D-N.J.), Chris Coons (D-Del.), Catherine Cortez Masto (D-Nev.), Dick Durbin (D-Ill.), Kirsten Gillibrand (D-N.Y.), Mazie Hirono (D-Hawai’i), Mark Kelly (D-Ariz.), Andy Kim (D-N.J.), Amy Klobuchar (D-Minn.), Edward J. Markey (D-Mass.), Chris Murphy (D-Conn.), Gary Peters (D-Mich.), Jack Reed (D-R.I.), Adam Schiff (D-Calif.), Jeanne Shaheen (D-N.H.), Chris Van Hollen (D-Md.), Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.), and Peter Welch (D-Vt.).

Full text of the bill is here.

The bills were introduced by Senators Alex Padilla (D-Calif.) and Sheldon Whitehouse (D-R.I.).

Joining Wyden and Merkley, the No Settlements for January 6 Law Enforcement Assaulters Act is cosponsored by Senators Richard Blumenthal (D-Conn.), Cory Booker (D-N.J.), Chris Coons (D-Del.), Catherine Cortez Masto (D-Nev.), Dick Durbin (D-Ill.), Kirsten Gillibrand (D-N.Y.), Mazie Hirono (D-Hawaii), Mark Kelly (D-Ariz.), Andy Kim (D-N.J.), Amy Klobuchar (D-Minn.), Edward J. Markey (D-Mass.), Chris Murphy (D-Conn.), Gary Peters (D-Mich.), Jack Reed (D-R.I.), Adam Schiff (D-Calif.), Jeanne Shaheen (D-N.H.), Chris Van Hollen (D-Md.), Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.), and Peter Welch (D-Vt.).

Full text of the bill is here.

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Murkowski Joins Colleagues to Bring  War Powers Resolution to Senate Floor

Washington, DC — U.S. Senator Lisa Murkowski (R-AK) issued the following statement after her vote on Senate Joint Resolution 98:

“Today, my colleagues and I voted to bring a resolution to the Senate floor requiring congressional approval for further military operations against Venezuela. This will allow the senate to begin debate on this measure following President Trump’s statements yesterday suggesting that the United States could remain in Venezuela for years, while failing to rule out the deployment of American troops on the ground. Such outcomes clearly require congressional authorization.

“I want to acknowledge and commend the remarkable bravery, technical mastery, and operational precision demonstrated by the U.S. servicemembers and intelligence professionals involved in the January 3 mission to remove Maduro. This operation exemplifies the level of coordination and advanced capability that only U.S. military power can deliver. Nicolás Maduro is a dictator who led a brutally oppressive regime, and Venezuela—along with the world—is better off without him in power.

“However, there remains deep uncertainty surrounding the path forward for Venezuela’s political transition, the implications for regional stability, and whether the United States has a clear and achievable end goal. I have long been an advocate for the relevance of Congress in its constitutional role over the use of military force, and Venezuela is no different. Any future use of force or significant policy shift in Venezuela must include robust congressional oversight and authorization, consistent with our constitutional responsibilities, the rule of law, and a clear assessment of the benefits to the American people.”